MCAT Biology Question 4: Answer and Explanation
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Question: 4
4. Which of the following activities occurs in the Golgi apparatus?
- A. Synthesis of proteins
- B. Modification and distribution of proteins
- C. Breakdown of lipids and carbohydrates
- D. Production of ATP
Correct Answer: B
Explanation:
The Golgi apparatus consists of a stack of membrane-enclosed sacs. It receives vesicles and their contents from the endoplasmic reticulum, modifies them (through glycosylation, phosphorylation, and other mechanisms), repackages them into vesicles, and distributes them to appropriate locations in the cell. Protein synthesis occurs in ribosomes and rough endoplasmic reticulum, eliminating choice (A). Lipid and carbohydrate breakdown takes place in the peroxisomes and cytoplasm, eliminating choice (C). ATP production occurs in the mitochondria, eliminating choice (D).