MCAT Biology Question 111: Answer and Explanation
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Question: 111
6. Which of the following is an example of adaptive immunity?
- A. PRRs recognize that a pathogen is an invasive parasite and eosinophils are recruited to the area.
- B. Complement is activated, causing osmotic instability in a bacterium.
- C. B-cells generated through vaccination are activated when their antigen is encountered.
- D. Dendritic cells sample bacteria within a laceration and travel to the lymph nodes to present the antigen.
Correct Answer: C
Explanation:
Adaptive immunity involves the activation of B-cells and T-cells specific to the encountered antigen. Any choice that conforms to this paradigm will be correct. Choice (C) indicates that B-cells are activated. Pattern recognition receptors, or PRRs, in choice (A) recognize patterns common to certain pathogens, but do not identify the specific pathogen. Complement is an example of a blood-borne nonspecific defense against bacteria, eliminating choice (B). Dendritic cells traveling to the lymph nodes in choice (D) are a part of the interaction between the innate and adaptive immune systems, but the dendritic cells themselves are nonspecific.