MCAT Behavioral Sciences Question 257: Answer and Explanation

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Question: 257

7. Which of the following conclusions can be inferred from the results displayed in Figure 1?

  • A. Family-based therapy is superior to ego-oriented individual therapy in reducing the negative thought processes associated with AN.
  • B. The distortions in self-image characteristic of those with AN derive from an underdeveloped ego.
  • C. Attachment theory is relevant to treating AN.
  • D. AN typically derives from poor parenting.

Correct Answer: C

Explanation:

The chart in Figure 1 suggests that family-based therapy is superior to ego-oriented individual therapy in helping those with AN to gain weight post-treatment; but, it does not suggest that family-based therapy is superior to individual therapy at reducing the negative thought processes associated with AN (choice A is wrong). However, it does imply that family relationships play a key role in AN pathology, which is consistent with attachment theory (choice C is correct). Attachment theory maintains that parent-child relationships strongly influence the child's attitudes about the self and the world. Nevertheless, a relevance of attachment and relationships to successful treatment of the disorder does not automatically imply that the disorder was caused by poor parenting. It may simply mean that familial relationships can help the patient to develop more positive self-images or become more aware of unhealthy behavior (choice D is wrong). Although psychodynamic theory may view distorted body image as a function of poor reality testing, which is the domain of the ego, this focus would not be supported (or contradicted) by the relative superiority of family-based therapy to individual therapy (choice B is wrong).

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