MCAT General Chemistry Freestanding Practice Questions: Atomic Structure and Periodic Trends

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1. When an atom of plutonium-239 is bombarded with an alpha particle, this element along with one free neutron is created:

  • A. Californium-240
  • B. Californium-241
  • C. Curium-242
  • D. Curium-243

2. Which of the following atoms/ions has electrons in the subshell of highest energy?

  • A. [Ar] 4s23d6
  • B. [Ar] 4s23d4
  • C. [Ar] 3d6
  • D. [Ar] 4s23d2

3. A pure sample of which of the following ions/molecules will participate in intermolecular hydrogen bonding?

I. CH3CO2H

II. CO2

III. H2S

  • A. Li
  • B. Be
  • C. C
  • D. N

4. In the following reaction, which of the following most accurately describes the type of bond formed?

  • A. Mg
  • B. Ca
  • C. Cr
  • D. Zn

5. Given the standard enthalpies of formation (∆Hf˚) at 298 K for the compounds below, all of the following reactions are exothermic EXCEPT:

Compound ∆Hf° (kJ/mol)
C2H5OH(l)–238.86
CH3CHO(l)–77.80
CH3COOH(l)–484.50
H2O(l)–285.83
  • A. Yellow, indicating a lesser wavelength than ultraviolet light
  • B. Yellow, indicating a greater wavelength than ultraviolet light
  • C. Blue, indicating a lesser wavelength than ultraviolet light
  • D. Blue, indicating a greater wavelength than ultraviolet light

6. Denver is at a higher altitude than Los Angeles and therefore the atmospheric pressure is lower in Denver than in Los Angeles. Compared to Los Angeles, the melting point of water in Denver will be:

  • A. Cl-
  • B. Ca2+
  • C. Cr+
  • D. As

7. The figure below depicts the relative sizes and mole fractions of two monatomic gases in a closed container.

Which of the following is true about the gas mixture after a small hole is punched in the container and the gases are allowed to completely effuse?

  • A. Na
  • B. K
  • C. Mg
  • D. Ca

8. In the reaction A + 2 B → C, the rate law is experimentally determined to be rate = k[B]2. What happens to the initial rate of reaction when the concentration of A is doubled?

  • A. Cl-
  • B. Ar
  • C. K+
  • D. Ca2+

9. Based on the reaction mechanism shown below, which of the following statements is correct?

2 NO + O2 → 2 NO2

1) 2 NO → N2O2 (fast)

2) N2O2 + O2 → 2 NO2 (slow)

  • A. from left to right, because the decrease in electronegativity would make it easier to lose electrons.
  • B. from left to right, because the decrease in atomic radius would result in more stable positive ions.
  • C. from right to left, because the decrease in ionization energy would make it easier to lose electrons.
  • D. from right to left, because the decrease in electron affinity would result in more stable positive ions.