MCAT Biology Practice Test 2: Reproduction

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1. Which of the following is the correct sequence of the development of a mature sperm cell?

  • A. Spermatid → spermatocyte → spermatogonium → 2° spermatocyte → spermatozoan
  • B. Spermatogonium → 1° spermatocyte → 2° spermatocyte → spermatid → spermatozoan
  • C. Spermatozoan → 1° spermatocyte → 2° spermatocyte → spermatogonium → spermatid
  • D. Spermatogonium → 1° spermatocyte → 2° spermatocyte → spermatozoan → spermatid

2. Which of the following correctly pairs the stage of development of an egg cell with the relevant point in a woman's life cycle?

  • A. From birth to menarche—prophase II
  • B. At ovulation—metaphase I
  • C. At ovulation—metaphase II
  • D. At fertilization—prophase II

3. Some studies suggest that in patients with Alzheimer's disease, there is a defect in the way the spindle apparatus attaches to the kinetochore fibers. At which stage of mitotic division would one first expect to be able to visualize this problem?

  • A. Prophase
  • B. Metaphase
  • C. Anaphase
  • D. Telophase

4. A researcher wishes to incorporate a radiolabeled deoxyadenine into the genome of one of the two daughter cells that would arise as a result of mitosis. What is the latest stage of cellular development during which the radiolabeled deoxyadenine could be added to achieve this result?

  • A. G1
  • B. G2
  • C. M
  • D. S

5. Certain ovarian tumors called granulosa cell tumors are known to produce excessive levels of estrogen. A physician who diagnoses a granulosa cell tumor should look for a secondary cancer in which of the following parts of the reproductive tract?

  • A. Fallopian tube
  • B. Cervix
  • C. Endometrium
  • D. Vagina

6. Upon ovulation, the oocyte is released into the:

  • A. fallopian tube.
  • B. follicle.
  • C. abdominal cavity.
  • D. uterus.

7. Cancer cells are cells in which mitosis occurs continuously, without regard to quality or quantity of the cells produced. For this reason, most chemotherapies attack rapidly dividing cells. At which point(s) in the cell cycle could chemotherapy effectively prevent cancer cell division?

S stage

Prophase

Metaphase

  • A. I only
  • B. I and II only
  • C. II and III only
  • D. I, II, and III

8. Which of the following INCORRECTLY pairs a structure of the male reproductive system with a feature of the structure?

  • A. Seminal vesicles—produce alkaline fructose-containing secretions
  • B. Epididymis—surrounded by muscle to raise and lower the testes
  • C. Vas deferens—tube connecting the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct
  • D. Cowper's glands—produce a fluid to clear traces of urine in the urethra

9. What is the last point in the meiotic cycle in which the cell has a diploid number of chromosomes?

  • A. During interphase
  • B. During telophase I
  • C. During interkinesis
  • D. During telophase II

10. Which of the following does NOT likely contribute to genetic variability?

  • A. Random fertilization of an egg by a sperm
  • B. Random segregation of homologous chromosomes
  • C. Crossing over between homologous chromosomes during meiosis
  • D. Replication of the DNA during S stage

11. Which of the following statements correctly identifies a key difference between mitosis and meiosis?

  • A. In metaphase of mitosis, replicated chromosomes line up in single file; in metaphase II of meiosis, replicated chromosomes line up on opposite sides of the metaphase plate.
  • B. During anaphase of mitosis, homologous chromosomes separate; during anaphase of meiosis I, sister chromatids separate.
  • C. At the end of telophase of mitosis, the daughter cells are identical to each other; at the end of meiosis I, the daughter cells are identical to the parent cell.
  • D. During metaphase of mitosis, centromeres are present directly on the metaphase plate; during metaphase of meiosis I, there are no centromeres on the metaphase plate.

12. Which of the following is true regarding prophase?

  • A. The chromosomes separate and move to opposite poles of the cell.
  • B. The spindle apparatus disappears.
  • C. The chromosomes uncoil.
  • D. The nucleoli disappear.

13. An individual who is phenotypically female is found to have only one copy of a disease-carrying recessive allele on the X chromosome, yet she demonstrates all of the classic symptoms of the disease. Geneticists determine she has a genotype that likely arose from nondisjunction in one of her parents. What is the likely genotype of this individual?

  • A. 46,XX (46 chromosomes, with XX for sex chromosomes)
  • B. 46,XY
  • C. 45,X
  • D. 47,XXY

14. During which phase of the menstrual cycle does progesterone concentration peak?

  • A. Follicular phase
  • B. Ovulation
  • C. Luteal phase
  • D. Menses

15. Which of the following would NOT be seen during pregnancy?

  • A. High levels of hCG in the first trimester
  • B. High levels of progesterone throughout the pregnancy
  • C. Low levels of FSH in the first trimester
  • D. High levels of GnRH throughout the pregnancy